UnixTools

Unix Tools

by

Jens-Peter Redlich from Berlin/Germany (deutsche/english)

and

Iurii Medvedev from Bishkek/Kyrgistan (русский)

Access to the computer

• login / logout
• ssh - login at remote host
• Who/Where am I? What is the name of this computer? What is my ID here? Who else is currently at this computer?

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Basics

• files, directories, working directory
• path names, /ab/so/lute and re/la/tive, ~ , . and ..
• basic commands: cat, touch, rm, mkdir, rmdir, mv
• using wildcards to identify files
• editing text
• basic commands: more, wc, grep, tail, head, find
• getting help
• redirecting stdout, stdin
• special characters (or blanks) in the shell's command line, "" and \'\' (and \)
• a file's access rights: ls -l, chmod, chown, chgrp

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File Formats (a few examples)

• Markdown
• Yaml
• XML
• HTML
• csv
• json

some Programming Languages

• C
• C++
• Java
• Python
• bash script

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Bash 1.1

• starting a process, to execute program ($PATH, permissions)
• terminating a process prematurely with ^C
• $? - the exit value of a process
• prog1 && prog2
• running multiple processes at the same time
  • &
  • ps
  • kill
  • wait

Bash 1.2

• batch processing (simple shell scripts)
• shell variables, substitution of shell variables
• $(date)
• exporting shell variables
• $PATH
• $LANG
• $$
• alias (and .bashrc)
• Indiuviduelle Konfiguration der Shell (.profile, .bashrc)

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Bash 2 - Scripts

• $1 .. Shell Variablen für Argumente
• for x in a b c
• while
• if
• << Umlenkung von stdin

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Working With Files 1 - basics

• wget (or curl)
• md5checksum
• sh1-checksum
• diff
• tar

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Working with Files 2 - transformations

• sed
• awk

Working With Files 3 - version control

• git
• github

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Administration Jobs - 1

• software packet manager
  • apt-get
  • pip
  • conda
• cronjob / systemd

Administration Jobs - 2

• file system administration
  • du
  • df
  • mount, umount
  • format
  • hdd/sdd performance monitoring tools

• rsync
• dd

• • fsck
  • trim
• backup solutions

Docker

• docker
• docker compose
• kubernetes

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Data Formats (in protocols)

• IPv4 header
• HTTP

• Tools: Wireshark

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Network Management

• host IP address
• network mask, gateway
• routing table
• Firewall
• NAT
• VPN
• DNS
• tools: ping, traceroute, iptables
• tools: wireshark

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Administration Jobs - 3

• nginx
• apache (web server)
• mysql

Cloud Technologies

• REST
• Service Endpoint
• Cloud Computing ressources
• Cloud Storage

Continuous Integration / continuous development (CI/CD)

• Jenkins

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Programming

• Python 3
• Jupyter Notebook

• JavaScript
• MySQL
• Java, C, C++

• Rust
• Go

Tools: Visual Studio Code (VSC)